Known brand names include Jardiance.
A once-daily SGLT2 inhibitor pill that makes the kidneys pass extra sugar into the urine. It lowers blood sugar in type 2 diabetes and, in adults, lowers the risk of heart failure hospitalization, cardiovascular death, and kidney decline in heart failure and chronic kidney disease.
The label does not describe a narrow therapeutic index or direct dosing by measured blood levels of the drug.
Sources: [1]
No specific antidote. For overdose, contact Poison Help or a medical toxicologist. Removal by hemodialysis has not been studied.
Sources: [1]
Doses come from the FDA label. Study tool, not for clinical decisions.
Sources: [1]
Not recommended for glycemic control below an eGFR of 30, where its glucose-lowering effect fades. Trials for heart failure and chronic kidney disease enrolled patients with eGFR down to 20; risks of volume depletion, kidney injury, and UTI rise as renal function falls.
Inhibits SGLT2, the main transporter that reabsorbs filtered glucose, which lowers the renal glucose threshold and increases urinary glucose excretion. It also reduces sodium reabsorption and raises distal sodium delivery, which may increase tubuloglomerular feedback, lower intraglomerular pressure, reduce cardiac preload and afterload, and downregulate sympathetic activity. Peak levels come about 1.5 hours after a dose and the half-life is about 12.4 hours.